Pat the chuck roast dry and season all over with garlic powder and black pepper.
Set the Instant Pot to Sauté on high. Add the olive oil and sear the roast 3 to 4 minutes per side until deeply browned, then transfer to a plate.
Pour in the beef broth and scrape the bottom of the pot to lift up the browned bits.
Return the roast to the pot. Sprinkle over the ranch and au jus mixes, scatter the pepperoncini around it, add the brine, and lay the butter pieces on top.
If using, nestle the potatoes and carrots around the roast.
Lock the lid, set the valve to sealing, and cook on High Pressure for 65 minutes. Let the pressure release naturally for at least 15 minutes, then quick-release any remaining steam.
Shred the roast with two forks or slice it thickly. Serve with the vegetables and the cooking liquid spooned over the top.